A Schedule-Based Model for Passenger-Oriented Train Planning With Operating Cost and Capacity Constraints

In the planning stage, train operators design timetables to serve passenger trips and a circulation plan support these timetables. These designs consider not only operating costs but also convenience. this study, we developed an optimization model for new problem that focuses on timetabling train-unit scheduling while considering itinerary choices in schedule-based system. This minimizes travel within constraints of limited budget available costs. The is solved by iterative heuristic simulates interaction between operations choices. solves using decomposition approach increase computational efficiency, loading user-equilibrium assignment model. An example based high-speed railway network southern China was used demonstrate effectiveness proposed method.